From point of view of energy balance every biomass is accumulated solar radiation. It is estimated that about 30 % of biomass is used as food and feed and 20 % is production of forest. Despite fossil fuels the biomass is the most significant energy source in the world. Recently it is not issue however in case of large expansion the energy use of biomass can compete with use as food and feed.
In the Czech Republic it is assumed that the biomass will remain the most significant renewable energy source (RES) at least until the end of the next decade. Energy potential of biomass is limited by production ability of landscape on one hand and by other opportunities of use of biomass on other hand. Expansion of the other opportunities is usually not taken into account in energy predictions.
Energy balance (EROEI) of biomass plantation strongly depends on proportion of use of heavy machinery and transportation distance. EROEI of spatial energy crops is better than that of food production. Although energy yield is highest when the biomass is harvested in summer the biomass harvested next year in spring contains much less moisture and thus is suitable for direct combustion.
Compared to other RES the advantage of the biomass is easy accumulation or (if you like) possibility to harvest in desirable time, easy control of energy supply in accordance with actual demand. In most cases exploitation of equipment designed for fossil fuels is applicable. In renewable energy mix responsible position of biomass is (despite other potential) in balancing of production of sources that are fully dependent on weather – photovoltaic and wind.